At present, there are many organs, institutions, associations, enterprises have built their own hall, hall, multi-function hall and other entertainment places, need to configure some corresponding professional lighting facilities, due to the lack of understanding in stage lighting, how to correctly choose the professional lighting equipment, not very proficient; and many professional lighting equipment distributors we, the professional stage lighting equipment also have a superficial knowledge of, not as to the correct guidance, so that the waste of money.
In order to avoid the above situation, this article the basic knowledge of stage lighting to make some of brief introduction.
A common position, stage lighting
To do a good job in professional stage configuration, first to understand the stage lighting commonly used light position. This is the correct choice of configuration is an important link in.
1, surface light: since the audience top front to stage light, a major role for lighting and the basic characters of light dye shop.
In 2, is located on the outer sides of face: proscenium, inclined cast in stage light, is divided into upper and lower layers, the main auxiliary surface light, strengthen facial illumination, increase character, scene of stereopsis.
3, column light (also called side light ): since the mouth on both sides of the projected light, mainly for the character or scene two side lighting, increases stereo feeling, sense of contour.
4, top light: from stage to stage the top light, from anterior to posterior is divided into a top light, two rows, three rows of light roof light ... ... And so on, mainly used in stage lighting to enhance general, stage illumination, and there are a lot of scenery, props designated irradiation, rely mainly on the top light to solve.
5: from the stage, backlight inverse direction projection light ( such as the top light, light bridge and reverse irradiation ), we can sketch out characters, king called contour, enhanced stereo feeling and a sense of transparency, but also can be used as the special light source.
In 6, the bridge of light: the sides of the stage Flyover Office to stage light, mainly used for auxiliary column light, enhanced stereo feeling, is also used in other optical bit inconvenient projection direction, but also can be used as the special light source.
In 7, foot light: since the proscenium stage before the platen to the projected light, the main auxiliary surface illumination and eliminate the surface light high irradiation facial and jaw formed by shadow.
8Row: sky light, earth from above and below to the sky light, mainly used for the sky lighting and color changes.
In 9, the flow of light: located on the sides of the stage of the flow on the lamp holder, the main auxiliary light bridge, supplement the sides of the stage light or other specific light.
10, follow: from the audience or other location with light, mainly used for tracking the actors performing or highlight a particular light, and for the host, is the artistic feature of the pen, to face the role of the finishing touch.
Two, common lamps and lanterns and characteristics
1, spotlight: stage lighting on the most widely used one of the main lamp, the market of1KW,2KW to2KW, the most widely used. It is irradiated with light concentration, spot edge contour is clear, can highlight a local, can also be amplified light spot illumination of a region, as the stage the main light source, commonly used in the surface light, face, side light light position.
In 2, soft light: light and soft symmetry, can highlight one part, also not blunt spot for several light, joins, common 0.3KW,1KW,2KW etc.. Used for light, light column flow near distance light position.
In 3, light: it is a kind of reflection type lamp, which is characterized by light quality hard, high brightness and long range, is an economic, efficient light, common are mainly 0.5KW,1KW,2KW,2KW use most.
4, astigmatism lamp: light diffuse, both said, projected area, divided into day row astigmatism and row astigmatism, common 0.5KW,1KW,1.25KW,2KW, used for sky radiation, can also be used for theatre podium universal lighting.
In 5, a modeling lamp: principle between lights and spotlights, is a kind of special lighting, mainly used for the characters and scenery modeling projection.
In 6, foot light ( also called light ): soft light, the area is wide. Mainly to medium, as Netscape lighting, cloth color, also can be in the proscenium location aided face lighting.
7, Guangzhu lamps ( also called downlight ): widely used, such as PAR46, PAR64models. Can be used for the characters and scenery of the omnidirectional illumination, and can be directly mounted on the stage, exposed to the audience, forming a lamp array, as stage lighting and decoration of dual role.
In 8, king of projector and screen for effect of light: in stage atrium on the formation of the whole picture, and a variety of special effects, such as: wind, rain, thunder, electricity, water, fire, smoke, clouds.
In 9, the computer lights: This is a DMX512or RS232or PMX signal control intelligent lighting, its color, spot, illumination are better than more than conventional lighting is a recently developed intelligent lighting, often mounted on the top surface light, light, the stage after the step of such a position, the operation of color, shape map can be compiled, run the program. Because the power of different sizes, use on stage to differ. General small power computer lights, suitable only for the use of the ballroom. In the arena of small power computer light, spot is often stage spotlight, light, about away, so the selection should pay special attention to.
10, chasing lights: stage lighting lamps, high brightness, is characterized by lens imaging, can be rendered in clear spot, through the adjustment of the focal spot, also can change the situation. Activity light bar, can easily change color, the lamp body can be freely operation. The current market more varieties, labeling index in different ways, to power as the standard such as:1KW tungsten halogen light source, light source,1KW1KW dysprosium metal halide light source, the 2KW metal halide light source, in order to have the distance as the criterion of chasing lights ( in particular distance, illumination intensity ), such as 8-10m lights,15-30m lights,30-50m lights,50-80m lights, and functionally divided into: mechanical light up, the focusing, light bar, color changing are done manually; another for the computer lights, the focusing, light bar, change the color, adjust the color Wen Jun by pushing and pulling the electrical and auto complete therefore, in the selection of various indicators selection must be seriously.
Three, Color-Changer
Color changing device design, greatly simplifying the stage lighting quantity, reduce the light workers ' labor intensity, saving investment, so it is a kind of present stage configuration indispensable equipment, currently on the market are the main mechanical and electrical converter and converter two.
1, stage machinery color changer: the design is simple, low prices, for the twentieth Century80~ 90time metaphase mainstream products, currently close to elimination.
2, stage computer color changer: in recent years developed a new type of color changer, the adoption of international standards DMX-512signal output, by dedicated control LV control, also can be connected to the computer light adjustable desk, it has multiple mode, high precision, large capacity, long control distance etc, become at present the market mainstream products in the color changer.
In four, control of lighting equipment
The current market dimmer, mainly simulation dimmer and digital dimmer, which is characterized by:
1, analog dimming device : the use of analog dimming technology, the output signal for the0-10V one to one output. General analog dimming device has the advantages of simple design, the controller road less, dimmer curve difference, but the market with low price, easy to learn, for the nineteen seventies end until the mid 90's mainstream products. There are 3 common road,6 road,9 Road,12 road,18 road,24 Road,60 Road,120Road, each power for8KW, but also2KW,4KW, lane number for one machine, the number of split machine.
2, digital dimmer: use tablet machine technology, DM512digital signal. Digital dimming units convenient use ( especially the large loop ), the dimming function, backup function, functional group, dimmer curves are better than analog dimming units, property prices are more reasonable, very popular with users. There are 12 common road,36 Road,72 Road,120 Road,240 Road,1000Road, each for2KW,4KW,6KW,8KW etc.. In the understanding of the lamp, lighting and control equipment and color changer, can according to their respective characteristics, the use of size, light character, suit one's measures to local conditions to design the correct use of plan.
